Measurement Uncertainty for Lighting Equipment Calibration Using Integrating Spheres
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ANSI/IES TM-31-20
Document Type: Technical Memorandum (TM)
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Product Description
Uncertainty is inherent in every measurement. To truly understand the value of a measurement, the uncertainty of such should be analyzed. A critical step of this analysis is to know the uncertainty contributed by the instruments used to make the measurement. The intent of this document is to provide a common approach to the uncertainty analysis for calibration of lumen measuring equipment (integrating spheres) with standard incandescent lamps, including tungsten-halogen, that have been assigned values of total luminous flux and/or total spectral radiant flux. This document provides a detailed and step-by- step method for determining uncertainty of certain calibration procedures common to instruments used in lumen measurement laboratories. It uses the structure proposed in the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM) for its recommendations. For each calibration procedure presented in this document, a mathematical model is developed, estimates of each input quantity are discussed, and guidance is provided for the evaluation of the standard uncertainty of each input estimate. With this information, the combined standard uncertainty is calculated, effective degrees of freedom are calculated, and finally, the expanded uncertainty is reported.
Page count: 69 pages
Publisher: Illuminating Engineering Society (2020)
SKU: ANSI/IES TM-31-20
ISBN-13: 978-0-87995-397-3
Chapters:
- 1.0 Scope
2.0 Normative References
3.0 Definitions
4.0 Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM): A Summary
5.0 Calibration of Integrating Spheres
6.0 Calibration of Working Standard Lamps Using an Integrating Sphere
Citation Format:
Illuminating Engineering Society. ANSI/IES TM-31-20, Technical Memorandum: Measurement Uncertainty for Lighting Equipment Calibration Using Integrating Spheres. New York: IES; 2020.
CONTENTS
- Introduction
- 1.0 Scope
- 2.0 Normative References
- 3.0 Definitions
- 3.1 array spectrometer
- 3.2 combined standard uncertainty
- 3.3 coverage factor
- 3.4 expanded uncertainty
- 3.5 photometer
- 3.6 primary standard (lamp)
- 3.7 relative uncertainty
- 3.8 secondary standard (lamp)
- 3.9 standard deviation (experimental)
- 3.10 standard uncertainty
- 3.11 uncertainty (of measurement)
- 3.12 working standard (lamp)
- 4.0 Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM): A Summary
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Description of the Model Equation and Input Parameter Estimation
- 4.3 Standard Uncertainty Evaluation
4.3.1 Type A Uncertainty Evaluation
4.3.2 Type B Uncertainty Evaluation - 4.4 Sensitivity Coefficients and Combined Standard Uncertainty
- 4.5 Expanded Uncertainty and Degrees of Freedom
- 5.0 Calibration of Integrating Spheres
- 5.1 Calibration Using a Total Luminous Flux Standard Lamp
5.1.1 Model for an Integrating Sphere with Photometer
5.1.2 Additional Uncertainty Components
5.1.3 Integrating Sphere with Photometer Sensitivity Coefficients
5.1.4 Example Uncertainty Budget
5.1.5 Measurand and Combined Standard Uncertainty
5.1.6 Degrees of Freedom and Expanded Uncertainty
5.1.7 Model Modifications
5.1.8 Multiple Standard Lamps
5.1.9 Describing the Model Equation in Relative Terms
5.1.10 Integrating Sphere with Spectrometer Detector - 5.2 Calibration Using a Total Spectral Radiant Flux Standard Lamp
5.2.1 Model for an Integrating Sphere with Spectrometer
5.2.2 Wavelength to Channel Data Converson
5.2.3 Uncertainty in Spectral Radiance
5.2.4 Additional Uncertainty Components
5.2.5 Integrating Sphere with Spectroradiometer Sensitivity Coefficients
5.2.6 Example Uncertainty Budget
5.2.7 Measurand and Combined Standard Uncertainty
5.2.8 Degrees of Freedom and Expanded Uncertainty
5.2.9 Model Modifications - 6.0 Calibration of Working Standard Lamps Using an Integrating Sphere
- 6.1 Creating Total Luminous Flux Working Standard Lamps
6.1.1 Model for an Integrating Sphere with Photometer
6.1.2 Additional Uncertainty Components
6.1.3 Integrating Sphere with Photometer Sensitivity Coefficients for Working Standard Lamps
6.1.5 Example Uncertainty Budget
6.1.6 Measurand and Combined Uncertainty
6.1.7 Degrees of Freedom and Expanded Uncertainty
6.1.8 Model Modifications
6.1.9 Integrating Sphere with an Array Spectrometer - 6.2 Creating Total Spectral Radiant Flux Working Standard Lamps
6.2.1 Model for an Integrating Sphere with Array Spectrometer
6.2.2 Additional Uncertainty Component
6.2.3 Integrating Sphere with Array Spectrometer Sensitivity Coefficients for Working Standard Lamps
6.2.4 Example Uncertainty Budget
6.2.5 Measurand and Combined Uncertainty
6.2.6 Degrees of Freedom and Expanded Uncertainty - 6.3 Creating a Luminous Flux Working Standard Lamp from a Total Spectral Radiant Flux Standard Lamp
6.3.1 SI Unit Traceability: Total Spectral Radiant and Luminous Flux Scales
6.3.2 Integrating-Sphere Transfer Model: Total Spectral Radiant Flux to Luminous Flux
6.3.3 Additional Uncertainty Components
6.3.4 Array Spectrometer Data Summation Uncertainty
6.3.5 Lumen Sensitivity Coefficients for Integrating Sphere with Array Spectrometer
6.3.6 Example Uncertainty Budget
6.3.7 Measurand and Combined Standard Uncertainty
6.3.8 Degrees of Freedom and Expanded Uncertainty - Annex A – Tolerance, Uncertainty, and Confidence Intervals
- Annex B – Partial Derivatives
- Annex C – Sensitivity Coefficients Calculated as Slopes
- Annex D – Total Spectral Radiant Flux Data Measured with an Array Spectrometer and Integrating Sphere
- Annex E – Total Spectral Radiant Flux Data and Signal for Working Standard Lamp Transfer