Lighting Science: Vision – Eye and Brain

Vision – Eye and Brain

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ANSI/IES LS-7-20
Document Type: Lighting Science (LS)

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SKU: ANSI/IES LS-7-20 Category: Tag:

Product Description

Approved American National StandardThe most complex of the senses, vision is perhaps the most important mechanism we have for perceiving the world. Vision results from the interaction of eye and brain. The purpose of this document is to describe and explain the human visual system, including its components in the eye and the brain. The structure and function of these various components are explained, as well as the ways in which individual people differ in their visual abilities. It is important to note that this document is not intended to provide comprehensive coverage on the subjects contained herein.

Page count: 24 pages
Publisher: Illuminating Engineering Society (2020)
SKU: ANSI/IES LS-7-20
ISBN-13: 978-0-87995-348-5

Chapters:

  • 1.0 Introduction and Scope
    2.0 Ocular Anatomy and Function
    3.0 Optics of the Eye
    4.0 The Visual System behind the Eye
    5.0 Vision and the State of Adaptation
    6.0 Color Vision
    7.0 Individual Differences

CONTENTS

  • 1.0 Introduction and Scope
  • 1.1 Introduction
  • 1.2 Scope
  • 2.0 Ocular Anatomy and Function
  • 2.1 Structure
    2.1.1 Tunics
    2.1.2 Cornea
    2.1.3 Iris and Pupi
    2.1.4 Lens and Ciliary Muscles
    2.1.5 Humors
    2.1.6 Retina
  • 2.2 Muscles and Eye Movement
    2.2.1 Saccades
    2.2.2 Pursuit or Tracking
    2.2.3 Vergence Movements
    2.2.4 Version Movements
  • 2.3 Photoreceptors, Neural Layers, and Signal Processing
    2.3.1 Classical Photoreceptors
    2.3.2 Photoreceptor Distribution
    2.3.3 Horizontal, Amacrine, and Bipolar Cells
    2.3.4 Ganglion Cells and the Optic Nerve
    2.3.5 Nerve Signals
  • 3.0 Optics of the Eye
  • 3.1 Retinal Image Formation
  • 3.2 Accommodation
  • 3.3 Scatter
  • 3.4 Retinal Irradiation
  • 4.0 The Visual System behind the Eye
  • 4.1 Optic Nerve
  • 4.2 Lateral Geniculate Nucleus (LGN)
  • 4.3 Visual Cortex
  • 4.4 Receptive Fields
  • 4.5 Perceptions and Performance
  • 5.0 Vision and the State of Adaptation
  • 5.1 Adaptation
    5.1.1 Mechanical Change: Pupil Size
    5.1.2 Photochemical Change: Pigment Bleaching
    5.1.3 Neural Change: Synaptic Interaction
    5.1.4 Temporal Effects
  • 5.2 Photopic Vision
  • 5.3 Mesopic Vision
  • 5.4 Scotopic Vision
  • 6.0 Color Vision
  • 6.1 Chromatic Receptive Field Opponency
  • 7.0 Individual Differences
  • 7.1 Color Vision Deficiencies
    7.1.1 Congenital Color Vision Deficiencies
    7.1.2 Acquired Color Vision Deficiencies
  • 7.2 Refractive Errors
  • 7.3 Effects of Age
    7.3.1 Presbyopia
    7.3.2 Lens Yellowing, Clouding, and Fluorescence
    7.3.3 Pupil Size Limits
    7.3.4 Decreased Retinal Illumination and Increased Scattering
    7.3.5 Cell Loss
    7.3.6 Increased Prevalence of Retinal Disease
  • 7.4 Partial Sight
    7.4.1 Cataracts
    7.4.2 Macular Degeneration
    7.4.3 Glaucoma
    7.4.4 Retinopathy
    7.4.5 Lighting for the Partially Sighted

    • References